Exposure to nanoparticles in a solid nonpolymer matrix should have a low exposure potential for inhalation, but a potential for dermal exposure exist if nanoparticles are on the surface of the polymer. If the hazard of the nanomaterial is high or unknown, very conservative engineering controls should be employed to limit exposure to the nanomaterials. If the hazard of the nanomaterial is low, reasonable precautions should be taken to limit dermal exposure.

If the material has been machined to a fine powder, it should be treated as a dry powder.

If the material has been machined to a fine powder that is in a liquid, it should be treated as a liquid dispersion.